Surface projections of the heart

Understanding where to listen for heart sounds is essential for accurate cardiac assessment. This visual guide breaks down the four primary auscultation points—Aortic, Pulmonary, Tricuspid, and Mitral—showing exactly where each valve’s sounds are best heard on the chest. The diagram highlights the intercostal spaces and sternal landmarks, while the color-coded chart explains both the location and timing of each valve’s sound during the cardiac cycle (S1 or S2). Perfect for medical students, nurs

Lung Auscultation Points and Sounds