In education, as in psychology, clarity matters. Yet in everyday conversations about teaching and learning, terms like learning theory and pedagogy are often used interchangeably. Phrases such as “We ...

Effective learning isn't just about finding the easiest path—it's about the right kind of challenge. Two prominent theories—Desirable Difficulties (DDF) and Cognitive Load Theory (CLT)—offer valuable ...

Getting a sweet treat is socially acceptable after big exams because of the notion that you deserve to be rewarded when you work hard. Reinforcement, associated with behaviorism, is central to ...