The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland that sits in the front of the neck. It produces hormones that are essential for heart rate, digestion, mood, and other functions crucial to human health.

Thyroid level tests, including thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4, help diagnose underactive or overactive thyroid. Doctors may also check free T3, calcitonin, thyroglobulin, or thyroid ...

The thyroid gland produces the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which are central regulators of basal metabolic rate, thermogenesis, cardiac function and neurodevelopment. Production ...

The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism, body temperature, and growth. Thyroid problems can cause weight changes, mood swings, and neck swelling. The thyroid is a small, butterfly ...

The thyroid cartilage surrounds the thyroid gland in the middle of the throat. Its primary function is to protect and support the vocal cords. It is one of the laryngeal cartilages, which make up the ...

Millions of people live with undiagnosed thyroid disorders, mistaking the symptoms for stress, aging, or a busy lifestyle.

When assessing thyroid function, thyroid hormone levels ― particularly free thyroxine (FT4) levels ― consistently show stronger associations with a wide array of clinical conditions than the standard ...

In 2023, about 44,000 Americans were diagnosed with thyroid cancer. Although thyroid cancer is not as common as breast, prostate, lung, or colon cancer, it can still be serious. So, let’s talk about ...

There is a growing list of medications known to adversely affect thyroid function or interpretation of the results of standard thyroid laboratory testing. Many of these drugs are commonly used ...

Osteoporosis and thyroid disease can occur together, in part because of how important thyroid hormones are to your bone density and structure. Osteoporosis is a bone disease that affects bone mineral ...

Thyroid hormones play an important role in the development and function of the cardiac myocyte. Dysregulation of the thyroid hormone milieu affects the fetal cardiac cells via complex molecular ...